Apple-tree "Vasyugan" columnar: description of the variety
Content:
The Vasyugan columnar apple tree is a hybrid variety that was bred in 1987. As a result, it was possible to obtain a culture that is resistant to frost. The tree has excellent breeding characteristics. It has a stable yield, a long fruiting period, and disease resistance.
Breeding history
The columnar apple tree Vasyugan is a variety that bears the fruits of late summer consumption. He was taken out in 1987 at the Institute of Horticulture. The authorship belongs to V.V. Kichina and N.G. Morozova.
The Vasyugan apple tree bears delicious and beautiful fruits
Growing regions
The plant is characterized by high rates of resistance to frost. Therefore, it is perfect for growing in Central Russia and in areas with more severe climatic conditions. The culture is successfully grown in the Urals and the Far East. This plant is planted even where frost-resistant trees freeze.
Description of the variety
According to the description, the Vasyugan columnar apple tree has a number of advantages. This makes it popular with gardeners.
Crown diameter
The width of the tree is only 0.4 m. This characteristic allows you to grow crops even in small areas.
Barrel height
The tree can reach 2 m in height.Every year it grows by 15-20 cm.
Root system
The culture has a branched root system. Many branches of different thicknesses are attached to the main rod.
Resistance to climatic conditions and diseases
The Vasyugan apple tree is characterized by high frost resistance. This allows her to withstand the winters of central Russia. Moreover, before the onset of frost, the tree needs preparation. To do this, you need to do the following:
- carry out water-charging irrigation;
- dig in the trunk circles;
- protect the crop from rodents.
The plant's resistance to diseases is assessed by experts as above average. With strict adherence to the rules of care, problems can be avoided. If symptoms of diseases appear, treatment must be carried out in a timely manner.
Life span
The duration of high-quality fruiting is 15 years. After that, the tree will bear only a few fruits. After the tree reaches 10 years of age, new plants can be planted.
When planting a plant, you need to use supports
What year does it bear fruit after planting
The culture is capable of producing crops in the first year. However, it is best to cut off the flowers. This will help the culture to properly prepare for full fruiting.
Flowering period
Flowering usually begins in the first half of May. In regions with cold climates, it can occur at the end of spring.
The plant does not need pollinators. However, planting varieties with similar breeding characteristics helps to improve the quality parameters of the fruit.
Subspecies and varieties of varieties
The variety includes a number of varieties - dwarf, semi-dwarf and vigorous. They differ in growth rates and crown sizes.Dwarf crops give a good harvest. They have a fibrous root system. This helps to increase the volume of the ovaries and the number of fruits.
Early columnar varieties are also found. They compete with early winter and late summer ones. It is worth choosing a specific type taking into account the region.
Landing dates
Planting work can be carried out in spring or autumn. In the first case, this should be done in late April or early May. In such a situation, flowering will begin this year.
In the first year, it is recommended to cut off all flowers. For autumn planting, this should be done from September to November. The exact timeframe depends on regional specifics.
How planting and grooming should be done
Planting crops is best done in the evening. If there are green leaves on the seedling, it is forbidden to expose them to intense rays of the sun.
The root system should be placed in the pit. It must be carefully aligned over the entire diameter. The graft area should be left 7-8 cm above the ground surface. Pour fresh soil on top. It needs to be tamped carefully.
A soil roller should be created around the root trunk. It will be able to retain moisture near the roots. Immediately after planting, the seedling must be watered with purified water. Pour at least 3 buckets under the tree. In this case, the water temperature should be +20 degrees.
When planting a culture in autumn, the seedling needs to be prepared for winter. To do this, it must be insulated and wrapped with a net to protect it from rodents. Until spring, the young plant needs to be dug up. It is best to protect the culture with a thick film. It is also permissible to use a tarp.
The snow cover helps to protect the young tree from frost. Therefore, it is not required to clear the site of it.
The plant needs to be watered in a timely manner
Semi-dwarf crops should be planted on a high support. It is required to control the tops of the soil until spring. Spring planting is considered easier. During the summer, the tree has time to get stronger.
To care for an apple tree, you need to do the following:
- In the early years, remove the ovaries. They hinder the full development of culture. For 2 years after planting, leave up to 6 ovaries. Subsequently, it is allowed to leave up to 12 ovaries. From 3 years old, you can leave all the ovaries. But if the fruits become small, their number will have to be reduced.
- Trees need to be watered once a month. It is best to use drip irrigation for this purpose. For a young tree, 1 bucket of water is enough, for an adult - it will take 3. After moistening, the soil should certainly be loosened.
- Cover the trunk circle with a mulch layer. For this, it is permissible to use peat or sawdust. Some summer residents plant herbaceous crops in this area, for example, dill.
- Apply organic fertilizers monthly. These include peat, chicken droppings, manure, humus. It is also worth using preparations based on ammonium nitrate.
- Prune the plant in spring and autumn. In the first year, it is worth choosing the most powerful escape, which will become a guide. The rest of the branches will have to be cut. If left, the tree will lose its columnar shape.
To prevent diseases, preventive treatments are carried out
Preventive work
Vasyugan is resistant to pests. At the same time, you should not neglect preventive measures. To do this, it is worth treating the culture with Bordeaux liquid, copper sulfate or some special means.
The Vasyugan apple tree is considered a popular columnar crop, which is highly resistant to frost and undemanding to care. For a plant to be successful, it needs to be watered on time and protected from pests.
