Euphorbia flower - types and popular varieties
Content:
Euphorbia is a plant that belongs to ornamental crops. Its advantages include a non-standard appearance and unpretentiousness. In alternative medicine, the plant is used to treat many diseases. Euphorbia is often called euphorbia.
Biological description
What does a Euphorbia flower look like: the culture refers to annual or perennial herbaceous shrubs, is a representative of the Euphorbia family. The succulent has succulent foliage and shoots that have the ability to accumulate moisture. In case of accidental damage to leaf platinum, milky sap is released from the wounds, which protects the plant from the attack of parasitic insects.
Blooming spurge
The juice includes:
- amino acids;
- sterol;
- rubber;
- essential oil;
- resin;
- sugar.
Perennial euphorbia develops as a tree or shrub, outwardly resembles a cactus. Succulent plants prefer tropical or subtropical climates. Deciduous plant plates come in different shapes:
- toothed;
- oval;
- narrow;
- all-edge;
- ovoid.
Euphorbia white-veined
In the milkweed cactus, the leaves are arranged oppositely, in the inflorescence there is one pistillate flower and the stamens of the male subspecies. The buds are divided into groups using bracts, painted in a variety of shades. The culture blooms in June - July.
Common species and varieties
The plant has many varieties. Species of milkweed differ in different color of petals, shape of stems and foliage, size.
Euphorbia multiflorous
It is considered an unpretentious shrub that grows up to 70 cm. The species is known for its frost resistance and unusual beauty. The inflorescences at the ends of the shoots have a yellow-golden tone. The shade can change throughout the season, turning into a light green color.
Budding takes place from May to July, the shrubs retain their decorative effect until the October days. Leaf plates of the culture of an unusual lemon color.
Euphorbia multiflorous
Euphorbia is the most beautiful
The second name of the most beautiful milkweed is poinsettia. The formation of buds begins at 2-3 weeks of December, the inflorescences have bright red, pink and white tones, but they look inconspicuous compared to the bright green foliage.
The shrub prefers well-lit places. In the hot season, it must be shaded from direct sunlight. Otherwise, you should expect burns.
Spurge almond
Otherwise, this type of milkweed is called purpuria. The culture refers to dicotyledonous plants growing in all European territories. It can be found in clearings in deciduous forests, in dense bushes and near fences. The height of the shrub does not exceed 0.7 m. It has erect shoots and branched roots, and the bark on the stems quickly stiffens.Green dense foliage no more than 1 cm, oblong-oval, without notches at the edges.
The inflorescences of the plant do not have petals, they are similar in shape to bells. Inside the buds there are small nectaries with long legs. The subspecies has unusual bright light green petals, collected in 5 pieces in inflorescences. Peduncles grow up to 0.5 m, densely covered with foliage. Budding begins in April and ends in 3 months.
Euphorbia fringed
It is an annual herb, growing up to 80 cm. The second name is the bride, which arose because of its non-standard flowering. When planting several shrubs nearby, it seems that the entire flower bed is covered with snow.
The leaf plates of the culture are decorated with a whitish border; small buds are located at the top of the shoots. During one season, the color of the foliage can change. Shrubs require protection from drafts and gusty winds. Milkweed Mountain snow has budding from June to October.
Spurge myrtle
Otherwise, this spurge is called obese. Shoots of this exotic subspecies spread along the ground. The foliage is known for its bluish tinge, densely dotting the stems. In height, the plant, like the trihedral euphorbia, grows up to 25 cm. The leaves are shaped like geometric figures. During the growing season, the buds change their color, have a pleasant smell. Designers advise planting this species in places with sufficient lighting and limestone soil.
Spurge myrtle
Cypress spurge
An exotic perennial common in Western European territories. The foliage is needle-like, with proper pruning, the bushes look like fluffy balls. From the first weeks of June, small buds of a yellowish or pale pinkish color are formed on them. With standard bushes care, you can get additional flowering in early autumn.
Cypress euphorbia is not afraid of drought and frost; during the growing season, the foliage changes the main shade to a bluish tone. External features allow the use of culture in landscape design to create mixborders, alpine slides and rockeries. Gardeners love to combine it with irises.
Cypress spurge
Other varieties and types
There are many other cultural options:
- Euphorbia Akalifa or foxtail is an evergreen strongly branching shrub up to 0.6 m in size. Ovate leaf plates have small denticles at the edges, bright red flowers, collected in spike-type inflorescences. The buds form from March to October. Bushes require planting in places with sufficient illumination, they can be propagated, like crested euphorbia, by cuttings.
- Bupleurumolistny - is a rare subspecies, characterized by weak branching and growing up to 18-22 cm. Spiral tubercles are located along the entire length of the shoots. The buds are placed on high peduncles. Reproduction of the plant is carried out only by the seed method.
- Canary is a tree that grows up to 12 m in height. The branches reach 5 cm in diameter; in the region of the ribs, tubercles and double spines of a brownish hue are localized. The Canarian type is often grown in houses or apartments. The euphorbia palm must be watered abundantly only in hot and sultry weather, the rest of the time this is done only as the substrate dries. You can propagate a tree using cuttings or seeds.
- Euphorbia Sinadenium is an exotic shrub grown in apartment conditions. It is a tall plant, from which breeders have bred about 20 subspecies. Some of them can grow up to 3 m in height.
- Toothed spurge - refers to weeds included in the list of quarantine objects of the EAEU. Annual with a growth of 20-50 cm, foliage, decorated with denticles along the edge. Inflorescences with a yellowish or cream color.
Euphorbia cacti
- Ribbed spurge - its stems of a dark green tone of a pentahedral type without side branches are decorated with large, elongated oval leaves. The foliage is located on reddish petioles, its seamy side is lighter and serves as a reflector for additional illumination of the green part of the shrub. Pinkish or whitish buds with two petals.
- Euphorbia resinous is a meter-long succulent shrub with a diameter of up to 2 m. It has a vertical stem with four sides, resembles a cactus in structure, covered with paired thorns on the ribs, with small brownish foliage. Used in medicine for the manufacture of plasters and ointments.
- Euphorbia Tirucalli grows on depleted soils, unsuitable for agriculture. When grown indoors, it can grow up to 6 m. Young plants have bright green stems, old ones - dark gray. The foliage is dark green, up to 12 cm in length, falls off in the off-season (it is absent in adult crops).
Features of plant care
If the culture is properly cared for, then abundant bud formation can be achieved from most subspecies. The list of mandatory procedures includes:
- Top dressing. During the abundant formation of buds, special solutions are used to fertilize cacti and succulents. The mixture is applied every two weeks. Nitrogenous fertilizing is prohibited for species with spherical and thick stems - they can cause cracking of the surface of the shoots.
- Lighting. Bushes need constant diffused light both in summer and winter (at least 10 hours). In hot weather and scorching sun, they are shaded with special garden nets to protect them from burns. In the cold season, a phytolamp is used at home. Subspecies, shaped like cacti, need direct sunlight.
- Pruning. They begin to carry out it immediately after the last bud wilted. Strongly grown shoots are cut off - their upper part. This approach helps to shape the desired crown shape. Dry stems are excised, and regeneration shoots are reduced. After the procedure, the buds will appear in one season, but the bush will begin to bloom more abundantly.
- Disembarkation and transfer. Shrubs require annual replanting. They are carried out in the spring, at the very beginning of the growing season. They use a special soil mixture for succulents and cacti. Each new pot should be 2 cm larger than the previous one (in height).
- Humidity. The culture tolerates drought calmly, spraying is required for hygienic purposes.
- Temperature. The optimal temperature regime for domestic subspecies is + 20 ... +25 degrees. In winter, the plant retires. To lay flower buds, it is sent to a cool room (+14 degrees). The succulent is tolerant of changes, but does not survive drafts well.
- Watering. Abundant moistening of the substrate is required after it dries up to a quarter of the total contents of the pot. The water should not stagnate, the soil should not be allowed to acidify (so subspecies with thick stems will quickly rot).
Triangular spurge
Diseases of milkweed
Euphorbia is highly resistant to diseases and parasitic insects. Diseases of ornamental culture are associated with non-compliance with the rules of cultivation. The main symptoms of diseases:
- Most foliage turns yellow in summer.This is due to waterlogging of the substrate or constant exposure to a draft.
- Yellowness of some of the leaf plates from the lower row. This is a natural process.
- Yellow leaves in autumn. This is how the plant prepares for winter rest.
- Brownish spots on foliage and shrub trunk. This is a sign of a burn from direct sunlight.
- Many brownish specks. This is how rotting develops, associated with stagnation of moisture in the substrate.
Euphorbia is the most beautiful
Euphorbia is one of the most widespread plants in the world. These include about two thousand subspecies. Many varieties are used for landscaping when decorating personal plots.
